For the most part, my program is fully operational now. I say for the most part because I still have a memory issue (probably a leak) that I need to hunt down. Looking at the stack trace, I suspect I may have overloaded the Debug Log TextView control. However, I now have it looping in a thread and updating the UI. I had to do a little function rewiting to make it so the communication didn't need to work as hard. I still have a few stability issues to fix. For instance, if the Android falls asleep while still connected, it needs to be rebooted. The program also seems to have trouble realizing it isn't connected anymore if you reset the Arduino without disconnecting first.

I want to optimize the code so that it's not so memory intensive, even if the issue is with the textview. I'll probably make it so that only certain types of messages get printed to the TextView and the rest go to the system log.